Observing and quantifying ocean flow properties using drifters with drogues at different depths
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract This paper presents analyses of drifters with drogues at different depths – 1, 10, 30, 50 m that were deployed in the Mediterranean Sea to investigate frontal subduction and upwelling. Drifter trajectories used estimate divergence, vorticity, vertical velocity, finite-size Lyapunov exponents (FTLEs), balance terms vorticity equation. The divergence are O( f ) change sign along trajectories. Vertical velocity is O(1 mm/s), increases depth, indicates predominant upwelling isolated downwelling events, sometimes changes between 1 m. Vortex stretching one of, but not only, significant term balance. 2D FTLEs 2 × 10 −5 1/s after day, twice larger than a 400-m-resolution numerical model. 3D 50% dominated by shear horizontal velocity. Bootstrapping suggests uncertainty levels ~10% time-mean absolute values for vorticity. Analysis simulated model drifter-based estimates close Eulerian estimates, except when get aligned into long filaments. Drifter-based differs deeper depths. errors largely due lateral separation depths, partially only measuring 4 Overall, this demonstrates how drifters, heretofore restricted near-surface observations, can be learn about flow properties throughout upper layer water column.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Physical Oceanography
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1520-0485', '0022-3670']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-20-0291.1